Explosive



Patented June 5, 1923.

UNITED STATES CHRISTEN JOHANNES STAUTSBfiLL LUNDSGAARD, F VEJ'EN,DENMARK.

EXPLOSIVE.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Cmus'rax JOHAXNES STAU'rsBtiLL LUNDSGAARD, a subjectof the Kin of Denmark, residing at Vejen, Den- 6 mar have invented newand useful Improyements in Explosives; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

It has previously been known that 10 through acting of perchloric acidor its compounds upon alcohols alkyl perchlorates can e produced whichhave a great explosive power. These substances, however, have not beenused in the art of explosives partly because they are too sensitlve tomechanical influences and partly because they are too easily saponified.Now I have ascertained that through action of perchloric acid or itscompounds upon organic, cyclic amines or amino-compounds substances canbe produced which possess great explosive power and-stabilit Thusperchlorates of aniline, phenylene-diamine (ortho-, meta, andparacompounds). benzidine, the various toluidines, naphthlyamines,naphthylendiamines,

amidoazobenzene, diamidoazo benzene, antipyrine, malachite-green,fuchsine, methylviolet, pyridine, chinoline, and cinchonine, have beenproduced which are all very stable so even at higher temperatures (100C). Likewise all of the named substances are possessed of explosivequalities which, however, are difl'erent for the various substances.Thus the coupling together of more rings (for, instance benzidine,diamidoazob nzene, and the like) appear to augment the speed ofdetonation. A similar effect appears to be due to the introduction of anitrogen atom in the ring (hetorocyclic compounds). The sensitiveness tomoisture of the various substances is rather different, part of thesubstances, '(for instance perchlorates of antipyrine, malachite-green,fuchsine, methylviolet), thus being only slightly solvable orundissolvable in water, others, such as metaphenylenediamineperchlorate, being rather easily dissolvable, While for'instanceparaphenylenediamine perchlorate is very indifferent against moistureeven if it is rather easily dissolved in Water. Thus, for ininstance,initiating ca sules with paraphenylendediamine perc orate asintermediate charge have been kept in a damp room for until three monthsbefore failures were observed.

hot stron Application filed September 1, 1920. Serial No. 407,308.

Many of the above mentioned substances, and particularlyparaphenylenediamine perchlorate, are well suited for use asintermediate charge in detonators. It has thus been found that 0.25grams para-phenylenedlamine perchlorate which is pressed 1nto a coppercapsule by a pressure of 1200 kilograms per square centimeter, onignition by means of 0.4 grams mercury fulminate beats a hole of 7 to 8millimeters in diameter 1n a lead late of 7 millimeters thickness, thecapsule being disposed perpendicularly to the lead plate.

The ignition of the said substances occurs very easily.Para-phenylenediamine is promptl ignited by means of 0.2 grams mercuryfu minate.

As an example of producing para-phenylengglamine the following methodscan be us One hundred eight parts by weight of para-phenylenediamine areintroduced in. a SOlld state into a solution consisting of'200 partsperchloric acid to 500 parts water, and the resulting solution isevaporated until crystallization occurs. The crystals are preferablywashed once with water and dried. I

Also a hot strong solution of para-phenylenediamine chloride can bemixed with 'a solution of sodium perchlorate. Upon coo ing of themixture the sodium chloride is first separated out and removed from thesolution whereafter the solution is evaporated until crystallizationtakes place. The substance produced in this manner has a red browncolour and is not hygroscopic.

The separating of the substance from the solution can also be effectedthrough addition of alcohol to the same. i

From these explosives new explosives can be produced by mixing them witheach other or with already known explosives or with oxygen-yielding orabsorbing substances. Likewise the explosion temperature or the quantityof aciduous products of combustion may be reduced by adding to the samesubstances generally used for this purpose such as chlorides orcarbonates of sodium, ammonium, magnesium or the like.

Having thus fully described my invention I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent:

1. An explosive comprising a perchlorate of an organic cyclic ammoniumcompound.

2. An explosive comprising a compound produced by the action ofperchloric acid 5. A detonator containing a perchlorate 10 upon aromaticamine compounds containing of an organic cyclic ammonium compound. atleast one ring. In testimony whereof I have afiixed my 3. An explosivecontaining para-phenylsignature in presence of two witnesses. 5enediamine perchlorate. n

4. An explosive comprising a perchlorate iZH E H K TA TSB LL LUND GAARD-of an organic cyclic ammonium com ound Witnesses: and a constituent forlowering the exp osion Vmeo BLow,

I temperature. FANNY PmnsnN.

